BACKGROUND For more than 100 years, the melt-dominated magma chamber has been
central to conceptual models of volcanism and igneous processes. Over the past few …

Open-vent, persistently degassing volcanoes—such as Stromboli and Etna (Italy), Villarrica
(Chile), Bagana and Manam (Papua New Guinea), Fuego and Pacaya (Guatemala) …

Many workers accept a metamorphic model for orogenic gold ore formation, where a gold-
bearing aqueous-carbonic fluid is an inherent product of devolatilization across the …

A thermodynamic model for estimating the saturation conditions of H 2 O–CO 2 mixed fluids
in multicomponent silicate liquids is described. The model extends the capabilities of rhyolite …

The global carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from subaerial volcanoes remains poorly quantified,
limiting our understanding of the deep carbon cycle during geologic time and in modern …

The solubilities of volatiles (H 2 O, CO 2, S, F, and Cl) in basaltic melts are dependent on
variables such as temperature, pressure, melt composition, and redox state. Accordingly …

Porphyry copper deposits, that is, copper ore associated with hydrothermal fluids rising from
a magma chamber, supply 75% of the world's copper. They are typically associated with …

The metasomatized sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) is increasingly proposed to
play a key control in the formation of giant gold (Au) deposits. However, the extent of Au …

The degassing of CO2 and S from arc volcanoes is fundamentally important to global
climate, eruption forecasting, ore deposits, and the cycling of volatiles through subduction …

Core segregation and atmosphere formation are two of the major processes that redistribute
the volatile elements—hydrogen (H), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S)—in and around …