Light is an attractive tool that has a profound impact on modern medicine. Particularly, light-
based photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) show great application …

The repair and functional reconstruction of bone defects resulting from severe trauma,
surgical resection, degenerative disease, and congenital malformation pose significant …

Bone defects combined with tumors, infections, or other bone diseases are challenging in
clinical practice. Autologous and allogeneic grafts are two main traditional remedies, but …

Second near-infrared photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT, 1000–1500 nm) has recently
emerged as a new phototherapeutic modality with the advantages of deeper penetration …

Articular cartilage injury is a frequent worldwide disease, while effective treatment is urgently
needed. Due to lack of blood vessels and nerves, the ability of cartilage to self-repair is …

Abstract 3D‐printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds have been extensively studied for
application in bone tissue engineering. However, PCL‐based scaffolds with enhanced …

Bone tumors, especially those in osteosarcoma, usually occur in adolescents. The standard
clinical treatment includes chemotherapy, surgical therapy, and radiation therapy …

Elimination of bacterial infections and simultaneously promoting osteogenic differentiation
are highly required for infectious bone diseases. Massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) …

Bacterial infection represents a prevalent challenge during the bone repair process, often
resulting in implant failure. However, the extensive use of antibiotics has limited local …

Physical cues like morphology, light, electric signal, mechanic signal, magnetic signal, and
heat can be used as alternative regulators for expensive but short‐acting growth factors in …