This updated guideline replaces the “Guideline for the application of heart rate and heart
rate variability in occupational medicine and occupational health science” first published in …

Active smoking is a widely accepted risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is recognized
as a major public health problem. Passive smoking, also known as secondhand smoke …

Aim In this study, the effects of cigarette smoking on maximal aerobic capacity, anaerobic
capacity, and heart rate variability among female university students were investigated …

Inhaled toxic aerosols of conventional cigarette smoke may impact not only the health of
smokers, but also those exposed to second-stream smoke, especially children. Thus, less …

A longer life expectancy and a high prevalence of tobacco smoking among HIV patients
have led to an increasing cumulative exposure to tobacco in this community. Clinical …

Die vorliegende aktualisierte Leitlinie ersetzt die erstmalig im Jahre 2014 publizierte
Leitlinie zur „Nutzung der Herzschlagfrequenz und der Herzfrequenzvariabilität in der …

Recent evidence has suggested that cigarette smoking is associated with an increased
prevalence of heart diseases. Given that cigarette smoking triggers proinflammatory …

Tobacco smoke is a source of many xenobiotics and free radicals. Reactive oxygen species
can affect the body both directly and indirectly, through the activation of both signalling …

BACKGROUND: There are still gaps in the knowledge regarding the damage to mucociliary
and autonomous systems from passive exposure to cigarette smoke. Also, the influence of …

Neuropeptide tyrosine (neuropeptide Y or NPY) is one of the most abundant neuropeptides
in the mammalian central nervous system and also widely distributed in the peripheral …