The Scotia Sea ecosystem is a major component of the circumpolar Southern Ocean system,
where productivity and predator demand for prey are high. The eastward-flowing Antarctic …

Myctophids are the most abundant and diverse mesopelagic fishes in the Southern Ocean.
They are a conduit of energy between primary consumers and higher marine predators, and …

Estimates of primary production in the Southern Ocean are difficult to obtain but are
essential if we are to understand its role in the global carbon cycle. Here we present a 9 …

To understand how planet Earth works we study it increasingly as a system–a collection of
interdependent parts or spheres–the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the …

Abstract The Southern Ocean (SO) ecosystem plays a key role in the carbon cycle by sinking
a major part (43%) of the ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2, and being an important …

Sea ice in the Southern Ocean is a major controlling factor on phytoplankton productivity, but
the relationship is modified by regional differences in atmospheric and oceanographic …

Feedbacks on climate change so far identified are predominantly positive, enhancing the
rate of change. Loss of sea‐ice, increase in desert areas, water vapour increase, loss of …

Satellite data show that oceanic eddies generated in the Southern Antarctic Circumpolar
Current Front (SACCF) are associated with increased phytoplankton biomass. Cyclonic …

Mesopelagic fish are a key component of the pelagic ecosystem throughout the world's
oceans. Opening and closing nets were used to investigate patterns in the distribution and …

The Antarctic is unique, geographically, politically, and scientifically. It is the most remote,
hostile, and dangerous continent, while at the same time it is the most pristine and least …