In the decade since the discovery that mouse B cells respond to certain unmethylated CpG
dinucleotides in bacterial DNA, a specific receptor for these'CpG motifs' has been identified …

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) that contain immunostimulatory CpG motifs trigger
an immunomodulatory cascade that involves B and T cells, natural killer cells and …

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists have demonstrated substantial potential as vaccine
adjuvants, and as mono-or combination therapies for the treatment of cancer and infectious …

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing CpG sequences are recognized as a
“danger” signal by the immune system of mammals. As a consequence, CpG ODN stimulate …

The human vaginal microbiome plays a critical but poorly defined role in reproductive
health. Vaginal microbiome alterations are associated with increased susceptibility to …

Immune responses against HSV-1 and HSV-2 are complex and involve a delicate interplay
between innate signaling pathways and adaptive immune responses. The innate response …

Problem To better understand innate immune responses to sexually‐transmitted infection
(STI) and the appropriateness of epithelial cell (EC) models of the vaginal and cervical …

Components of bacteria have been shown to induce innate antiviral immunity via Toll-like
receptors (TLRs). We have recently shown that FimH, the adhesin portion of type 1 fimbria …

We previously demonstrated that delivery of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) to vaginal
mucosa induced an innate mucosal antiviral state that protected against intravaginal …

Providing a significant cross-fertilization of ideas across several disciplines, Enhancement in
Drug Delivery offers a unique comprehensive review of both theoretical and practical …