This work represents the modern state of research on schooling behavior in fish, its basic
patterns, and causal mechanisms. We consider the occurrence of schooling in fish, the …

The author shares some lessons learned from a lifetime of working with and thinking about
groups. Three types of groups are described, including the impact they have on the …

Shoaling behaviour is generally described as a trade‐off between the anti‐predator benefits
of living in groups and the costs of increased foraging competition. An individual's fitness …

The schooling behaviour of fish is of great biological importance, playing a crucial role in the
foraging and predator avoidance of numerous species. The extent to which physiological …

Theory predicts that staying in a refuge has benefits in terms of predator avoidance and
costs in terms of lost feeding opportunities. In this study, we investigated how the relative …

Individuals of gregarious species often group with conspecifics to which they are
phenotypically similar. This among-group assortment has been studied for body size, sex …

The mechanisms and functions of mixed-species shoaling were investigated in two
sympatric species of cyprinids, the chub and the European minnow, from the river Wharfe …

Social aggregation is a widespread and important phenomenon among fishes.
Understanding the questions of why and how aggregations form and are subsequently …

Decisions about joining social groups are often contingent on one's own phenotypic
characteristics and those of existing group members. Zebrafish and their allies (genus …

Group foragers may assess patch quality more efficiently by paying attention to the sampling
behavior of group members foraging in the same patch (ie, using “public information”). To …