The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the world, yet the precise cause of
elevated blood pressure often cannot be determined. Animal models have been useful for …

Mitchell Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension 211 in PP that is associated with high incidence
of predominantly systolic hypertension in older people. One of the foregoing studies of …

Discovered more than 30 years ago, the angiotensin AT 2 receptor (AT 2 R) has evolved
from a binding site with unknown function to a firmly established major effector within the …

Stiffness of large arteries has been long recognized as a significant determinant of pulse
pressure. However, it is only in recent decades, with the accumulation of longitudinal data …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the initiation and progression
of cardiovascular and renal diseases. These actions mediated by AT1 receptor (AT1R) are …

Although angiotensin II subtype-2 receptor (AT2R) was discovered over 2 decades ago, its
contribution to physiology and pathophysiology is not fully elucidated. Current knowledge …

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of cardio-metabolic risk factors that includes obesity,
insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; these are also a combination of …

An increase in peripheral vascular resistance at rest is not routinely observed in healthy
older persons, but often associated with increased stiffness of central elastic arteries, as …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the initiation and progression
of tissue injuries in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The detrimental actions of the …