Why animals can outrun robots

SA Burden, T Libby, K Jayaram, S Sponberg… - Science Robotics, 2024 - science.org
Animals are much better at running than robots. The difference in performance arises in the
important dimensions of agility, range, and robustness. To understand the underlying …

Neuromechanics: an integrative approach for understanding motor control

K Nishikawa, AA Biewener, P Aerts… - Integrative and …, 2007 - academic.oup.com
Neuromechanics seeks to understand how muscles, sense organs, motor pattern
generators, and brain interact to produce coordinated movement, not only in complex terrain …

Mechanical intelligence simplifies control in terrestrial limbless locomotion

T Wang, C Pierce, V Kojouharov, B Chong, K Diaz… - Science Robotics, 2023 - science.org
Limbless locomotors, from microscopic worms to macroscopic snakes, traverse complex,
heterogeneous natural environments typically using undulatory body wave propagation …

Atrias: Design and validation of a tether-free 3d-capable spring-mass bipedal robot

C Hubicki, J Grimes, M Jones… - … Journal of Robotics …, 2016 - journals.sagepub.com
ATRIAS is a human-scale 3D-capable bipedal robot designed to mechanically embody the
spring-mass model for dynamic walking and running. To help bring the extensive work on …

Models, feedback control, and open problems of 3D bipedal robotic walking

JW Grizzle, C Chevallereau, RW Sinnet, AD Ames - Automatica, 2014 - Elsevier
The fields of control and robotics are working toward the development of bipedal robots that
can realize walking motions with the stability and agility of a human being. Dynamic models …

Challenging human locomotion: stability and modular organisation in unsteady conditions

A Santuz, A Ekizos, N Eckardt, A Kibele… - Scientific reports, 2018 - nature.com
The need to move over uneven terrain is a daily challenge. In order to face unexpected
perturbations due to changes in the morphology of the terrain, the central nervous system …

Upright human gait did not provide a major mechanical challenge for our ancestors

HM Maus, SW Lipfert, M Gross, J Rummel… - Nature …, 2010 - nature.com
Habitual bipedalism is considered as a major breakthrough in human evolution and is the
defining feature of hominins. Upright posture is presumably less stable than quadrupedal …

Running over rough terrain reveals limb control for intrinsic stability

MA Daley, AA Biewener - Proceedings of the National Academy of …, 2006 - pnas.org
Legged animals routinely negotiate rough, unpredictable terrain with agility and stability that
outmatches any human-built machine. Yet, we know surprisingly little about how animals …

MABEL, a new robotic bipedal walker and runner

JW Grizzle, J Hurst, B Morris, HW Park… - 2009 American …, 2009 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper introduces MABEL, a new platform for the study of bipedal locomotion in robots.
One of the purposes of building the mechanism is to explore a novel powertrain design that …

Running stability is enhanced by a proximo-distal gradient in joint neuromechanical control

MA Daley, G Felix, AA Biewener - Journal of Experimental …, 2007 - journals.biologists.com
We currently know little about how animals achieve dynamic stability when running over
uneven and unpredictable terrain, often characteristic of their natural environment. Here we …