In the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era, billions of sensors and devices collect and process data
from the environment, transmit them to cloud centers, and receive feedback via the Internet …

Highlights•Nowadays, robotics as machinery for planting or harvesting is solved in different
countries.•However, harvest of crops like fruits and vegetables is still manually …

Research and development of autonomous mobile robotic solutions that can perform
several active agricultural tasks (pruning, harvesting, mowing) have been growing. Robots …

Knowing beforehand the amount of fruit to be harvested leads to better logistics and
decisions making in the agricultural industry. In the last years, several sensors–mainly …

Highlights•Concepts and aspects of optimal design for human-robot collaborative
systems.•Methods for safe physical interactions between human and robots in …

Abstract Simultaneous Localization and Map** (SLAM) is a process to use multiple
sensors to position an unmanned mobile vehicle without previous knowledge of the …

Robot navigation in the environment with obstacles is still a challenging problem. In this
paper, the navigation problems with wheeled mobile robots (WMRs) are reviewed, the …

Accurate fruit localization plays an essential role in many agricultural tasks and is one of the
most vital components of an autonomous harvesting robot. Although fruit localization in …

The presence of robots in agriculture has grown significantly in recent years, overcoming
some of the challenges and complications of this field. This chapter aims to collect a …

In this review, we examine opportunities and challenges for 21st-century robotic agricultural
cotton harvesting research and commercial development. The paper reviews opportunities …