Oil palm plantations have expanded rapidly in recent decades. This large‐scale land‐use
change has had great ecological, economic, and social impacts on both the areas converted …

Given predicted increases in urbanization in tropical and subtropical regions, understanding
the processes sha** urban coral reefs may be essential for anticipating future …

Abstract Benzophenone-3 (BP-3; oxybenzone) is an ingredient in sunscreen lotions and
personal-care products that protects against the damaging effects of ultraviolet light …

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelagic country and the fourth most populated nation, has
struggled with coastal water pollution in the last decades. With the increasing population in …

This report provides a detailed assessment of the status of and threats to the world's coral
reefs. It evaluates threats to coral reefs from a wide range of human activities, and includes …

This paper reviews and evaluates the current state of knowledge on the direct effects of
terrestrial runoff on (1) the growth and survival of hard coral colonies,(2) coral reproduction …

Effective conservation requires rigorous baselines of pristine conditions to assess the
impacts of human activities and to evaluate the efficacy of management. Most coral reefs are …

Over 60% of the world's reefs experience damage from local activities such as overfishing,
coastal development, and watershed pollution. Land-based sources of pollution are a critical …

Coral reefs, with their millions of species, have changed profoundly because of the effects of
people, and will continue to do so for the foreseeable future. Reefs are subject to many of …

The biodiversity of coral reefs is dominated by invertebrates. Many of these invertebrates live
in close association with scleractinian corals, relying on corals for food, habitat or settlement …