Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that regulates many physiological and
pathological processes. It is derived from either the intracellular or extracellular …

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme of purine metabolism that irreversibly converts
adenosine to inosine or 2′ deoxyadenosine to 2′ deoxyinosine. ADA is active both inside …

Background Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are
effective substrates for NAD synthesis, which may act as vasoprotective agents. Here, we …

Pyroptosis plays an important role in inflammatory diseases such as viral hepatitis and
atherosclerosis. Apigenin exhibits various bioactivities, particularly anti‐inflammation, but its …

Host and pathogen metabolism have a major impact on the outcome of infection. The
microenvironment consisting of immune and stromal cells drives bacterial proliferation and …

Background Adenosine deaminase (ADA) via two isoenzymes, ADA1 and ADA2, regulates
intra-and extracellular adenosine concentrations by converting it to inosine. In the central …

Endothelial cells are a preferential target for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Previously, we have
reported that vascular adenosine deaminase 1 (ADA1) may serve as a biomarker of …

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to a variety of life-threatening
cardiovascular diseases, is a worldwide public health concern. Endothelial cells (ECs) …

Ovarian function declines significantly as females enter middle-age, but the mechanisms
underlying this decline remain unclear. Here, we utilize whole-organ imaging to observe a …

As the number of patients with metabolic hypertension (MH) is increasing, there is an
essential require for global measures to prevent and treat MH. Flavonoids such as …