Bone is a dynamic tissue constantly responding to environmental changes such as
nutritional and mechanical stress. Bone homeostasis in adult life is maintained through bone …

Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized by reduced bone mass, decreased strength, and
enhanced bone fragility fracture risk. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) plays a role in …

Raman spectroscopy is increasingly commonly used to understand how changes in bone
composition and structure influence tissue-level bone mechanical properties. The …

Disuse osteoporosis is characterized by decreased bone mass caused by abnormal
mechanical stimulation of bone. Piezo1 is a major mechanosensitive ion channel in bone …

Abstract Purpose of Review While thinning of the cortices or trabeculae weakens bone, age-
related changes in matrix composition also lower fracture resistance. This review …

Although musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoporosis are diagnosed and treatment
outcome is evaluated based mainly on routine clinical outcomes of bone mineral density …

Bone remodeling is balanced by bone formation and bone resorption as well as by
alterations in the quantities and functions of seed cells, leading to either the maintenance or …

The ability of bone to resist fracture is determined by the combination of bone mass and
bone quality. Like bone mass, bone quality is carefully regulated. Of the many aspects of …

Aims Vascular calcification (VC) predicts the morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular
diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) osteogenic transdifferentiation is the …

Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher fracture risk compared to non-diabetics,
even though their areal bone mineral density is normal to high. Identifying the mechanisms …