Spinal cord injury is a serious disease of the central nervous system involving irreversible
nerve injury and various organ system injuries. At present, no effective clinical treatment …

Autophagy is the process by which cell contents, such as aggregated proteins, dysfunctional
organelles, and cell structures are sequestered by autophagosome and delivered to …

Maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) requires precise control of protein folding
and degradation. Failure to properly respond to stresses disrupts proteostasis, which is a …

The intestinal microbiota help regulate hibernation in vertebrates. However, it needs to be
established how hibernation modulates the gut microbiome and intestinal metabolism. In the …

Background Coevolution between pathogens and their hosts decreases host morbidity and
mortality. Bats host and can tolerate viruses which can be lethal to other vertebrate orders …

The small intestine of mammals and birds exhibits fascinating variation across taxa, body
size, and life history features such as locomotion and diet. In the intestine's brush border …

Hibernation serves as an energy-conserving strategy that enables animals to withstand
harsh environments by reducing their metabolic rate significantly. However, the mechanisms …

Obligate seasonal hibernators fast for 5–9 months depending on species yet resist muscle
atrophy and emerge with little lean mass loss. The role of the gut microbiome in host …

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a recurrent depression triggered by exposure to short
photoperiods, with a subset of patients reporting hypersomnia, increased appetite, and …

Hibernating mammals confront seasonal and harsh environmental shifts, prompting a cycle
of pre-hibernation feeding and subsequent winter fasting. These adaptive practices induce …