Previous dogma has maintained that cellulose, ingested by xylophagous or herbivorous
animals, is digested by cellulolytic symbiotes. The first evidence in conflict with this …

The symbiosis between termites and their hindgut protists is mutually obligate and vertically
inherited. It was established by the late Jurassic in the cockroach ancestors of termites as …

The gut of termites is densely populated with microbial symbionts that aid in the efficient
digestion of recalcitrant lignocellulose. Despite the formidable unculturability of the resident …

Models for the origin of the sex incorporate either obligate or facultative sexual cycles. The
relevance of each assumption to the ancestral sexual population can be examined by …

Cryptocercus cockroaches and lower termites harbour obligate, diverse and unique
symbiotic cellulolytic flagellates in their hindgut that are considered critical in the …

Phylogenetic relationships, diversity, and in situ identification of spirochetes in the gut of the
termite Neotermes koshunensis were examined without cultivation, with an emphasis on …

The demand for the usage of natural renewable polymeric material is increasing in order to
satisfy the future needs for energy and chemical precursors. Important steps in the hydrolysis …

The phylogenetic diversity of parabasalian flagellates was examined based on the
sequences of small subunit ribosomal RNA genes amplified directly from the mixed …

Expression of the nitrogen fixation gene, nifH, in the gut of the termite Neotermes
koshunensis was characterized without cultivation. nifH cDNA was directly amplified from …

Progress in understanding the symbiosis between protists and termites has not matched that
between prokaryotes and termites. Methods are now available for the isolation of pure …