Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease
worldwide, and its treatment remains a big challenge. The pathogenesis of PD may be …

Neurodegenerative diseases pose a substantial socioeconomic burden on society.
Unfortunately, the aging world population and lack of effective cures foreshadow a negative …

Accumulation of neuronal α-synuclein is a prominent feature in Parkinson's disease. More
recently, such abnormal protein aggregation has been reported to spread from cell to cell …

Mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction have been implicated in substantia nigra
dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), but how these pathways are …

Intracellular α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich protein aggregates called Lewy pathology (LP) and
neuronal death are commonly found in the brains of patients with clinical Parkinson disease …

The cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by the death of
dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN c). Alpha‐synuclein …

Understanding the function of genes mutated in hereditary forms of Parkinson's disease
yields insight into disease etiology and reveals new pathways in cell biology. Although …

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the overproduction and incorporation of free
radicals and the dynamic ability of a biosystem to detoxify reactive intermediates. Free …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder, the etiology of which
remains largely unknown. Progressive impairment of voluntary motor control, which …

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurological disease that is associated
with a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the brain. The …