The gut microbiota is a complex and plastic consortium of microorganisms that are intricately
connected with human physiology. The liver is a central immunological organ that is …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare disorder characterised by multi-focal bile duct
strictures and progressive liver disease. Inflammatory bowel disease is usually present and …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) offers unique opportunities to explore the gut–liver axis
owing to the close association between liver disease and colonic inflammation. It is well …

The liver is a key, frontline immune tissue. Ideally positioned to detect pathogens entering
the body via the gut, the liver appears designed to detect, capture, and clear bacteria …

Microbial cells significantly outnumber human cells in the body, and the microbial flora at
mucosal sites are shaped by environmental factors and, less intuitively, act on host immune …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was declared one of the biggest unmet needs in
hepatology during International Liver Congress 2016 in Berlin. Since then, not much has …

Background Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) display an altered colonic
microbiome compared with healthy controls. However, little is known on the bile duct …

Background Although a majority of patients with PSC have colitis [PSC-IBD; primary
sclerosing cholangitis-inflammatory bowel disease], this is phenotypically different from …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive liver disease, histologically
characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts, and clinically leading to multi …

Autoimmune liver diseases are a group of immune-mediated liver diseases with three
distinct entities, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary …