In urban environments, decentralized energy systems from renewable photovoltaic
resources, clean and available, are gradually replacing conventional energy systems as an …

In the last decades, 3D city models appear to have been predominantly used for
visualisation; however, today they are being increasingly employed in a number of domains …

The level of detail (LOD) concept of the OGC standard CityGML 2.0 is intended to
differentiate multi-scale representations of semantic 3D city models. The concept is in …

This study examines Shenzhen's potential for utilizing photovoltaics (PV) on buildings in
terms of residential electricity consumption. Based on its geographic information system …

Cityscapes provide a complex environment, where solar radiation is unevenly distributed,
especially since urban features started to propagate more and more vertically. Due to the …

CityGML (City Geography Markup Language) is the most investigated standard in the
integration of building information modeling (BIM) and the geographic information system …

For a sustainable urban environment, the adoption of building-integrated photovoltaics
(BIPV) is a promising solution. Despite multiple studies on BIPV in individual buildings, scant …

The aim of this work is to discuss the potential of facades and other vertical features for the
photovoltaic potential of the cityscape. The photovoltaic potential in two representative case …

The energy transition is increasingly being discussed and implemented to cope with the
growing environmental crisis. However, great challenges remain for effectively harvesting …

To support urban energy transition, energy retrofit of building stock plays a key role since the
majority of existing buildings have inadequate performances in comparison to current …