Vaccines based on historical virus isolates provide limited protection from continuously
evolving RNA viruses, such as influenza viruses or coronaviruses, which occasionally spill …

Continuous evolution of Omicron has led to a rapid and simultaneous emergence of
numerous variants that display growth advantages over BA. 5 (ref.). Despite their divergent …

The continuing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants highlights the need to update COVID-19
vaccine compositions. However, immune imprinting induced by vaccination based on the …

Following viral infection, viral antigens bind specifically to receptors on the surface of
lymphocytes thereby activating adaptive immunity in the host. An epitope, the smallest …

The upper airway is an important site of infection, but immune memory in the human upper
airway is poorly understood, with implications for COVID-19 and many other human …

Immune imprinting describes how the first exposure to a virus shapes immunological
outcomes of subsequent exposures to antigenically related strains. Severe acute respiratory …

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant JN. 1 recently emerged as the
dominant variant despite having only one amino acid change on the spike (S) protein …

How infection by a viral variant showing antigenic drift impacts a preformed mature human
memory B cell (MBC) repertoire remains an open question. Here, we studied the MBC …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection of
vaccinated individuals is increasingly common with the circulation of highly immune evasive …

The COVID-19 pandemic has stimulated collaborative drug discovery efforts in academia
and the industry with the aim of develo** therapies and vaccines that target SARS-CoV-2 …