The forest restoration challenge (globally 2 billion ha) and the prospect of changing climate
with increasing frequency of extreme events argues for approaching restoration from a …

In many parts of Europe, close-to-nature silviculture (CNS) has been widely advocated as
being the best approach for managing forests to cope with future climate change. In this …

Forests managed for timber have an important role to play in conserving global biodiversity.
We evaluated the most common timber production systems worldwide in terms of their …

The majority of the world's forests are used for multiple purposes, which often include the
potentially conflicting goals of timber production and biodiversity conservation. A …

For managed temperate forests, conservationists and policymakers favour fine‐grained
uneven‐aged (UEA) management over more traditional coarse‐grained even‐aged (EA) …

Background The development of forestry as a scientific and management discipline over the
last two centuries has mainly emphasized intensive management operations focused on …

Global forest area is declining rapidly, along with degradation of the ecological condition of
remaining forests. Hence it is necessary to adopt forest management approaches that can …

Approximately 85% of the global forest estate is neither formally protected nor in areas
dedicated to intensive wood production (eg, plantations). Given the spatial extent of …

The multi-scale approach to conserving forest biodiversity has been used in Sweden since
the 1980s, a period defined by increased reserve area and conservation actions within …

Intensive forest management has been applied in most Fennoscandian forests for a period
of almost one felling rotation. This paradigm has produced even-aged and even-structured …