Very rapidly after Varroa destructor invaded apiaries of Apis mellifera, the devastating effect
of this mite prompted an active research effort to understand and control this parasite. Over a …

Adult honey bees are maintained in vitro in laboratory cages for a variety of purposes. For
example, researchers may wish to perform experiments on honey bees caged individually or …

Microbial pathogens are thought to have a profound impact on insect populations. Honey
bees are suffering from elevated colony losses in the northern hemisphere possibly because …

Here we cover a wide range of methods currently in use and recommended in modern
queen rearing, selection and breeding. The recommendations are meant to equally serve as …

Pollinator reductions can leave communities less diverse and potentially at increased risk of
infectious diseases. Species-rich plant and bee communities have high species turnover …

A variety of methods are used in honey bee research and differ depending on the level at
which the research is conducted. On an individual level, the handling of individual honey …

Western honey bees, Apis mellifera, live in highly eusocial colonies that are each typically
headed by a single queen. The queen is the sole reproductive female in a healthy colony …

Honeybees are important pollinators, having an essential role in the ecology of natural and
agricultural environments. Honeybee colony losses episodes reported worldwide and have …

The assessment of pesticide risks to insect pollinators have typically focused on short-term,
lethal impacts. The environmental ramifications of many of the world's most commonly …

Nosematosis is currently a frequently discussed honey bee disease caused by two types of
Microsporidia: Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae. Nosematosis as an intestinal disease …