Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity
of plant‐inhabiting microbes. The mode and outcome of plant–microbe interactions …

Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) is a key environmental signal that is specifically perceived by
plants to promote UV acclimation and survival in sunlight. Whereas the plant photoreceptors …

Sugars are involved in many metabolic and signalling pathways in plants. Sugar signals
may also contribute to immune responses against pathogens and probably function as …

In their natural habitat, plants are continuously challenged by adverse environmental
conditions. Among them, cold stress (CS) is a major environmental factor limiting agricultural …

Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) is an intrinsic part of sunlight that is accompanied by
significant biological effects. Plants are able to perceive UV-B using the UV-B photoreceptor …

Roses are significant botanical species with both ornamental and economic value,
displaying diverse floral traits, particularly an extensive array of petal colors. The red …

Autophagic transport to the vacuole represents an endomembrane trafficking route, which is
widely used in plants, not only during stress situations, but also for vacuole biogenesis and …

Recognition of molecular patterns characteristic of microbes or altered-self leads to immune
activation in multicellular eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the leucine-rich-repeat …

Recognition of microbial challenges leads to enhanced immunity at both the local and
systemic levels. In Arabidopsis, EFR and PEPR 1/PEPR 2 act as the receptor for the …

Plants have evolved an extensive specialized secondary metabolism. The colorful flavonoid
anthocyanins, for example, not only stimulate flower pollination and seed dispersal, but also …