In order to maintain fish health and to improve performance immunostimulants have been
used as dietary additives to improve weight gain, feed efficiency, and/or disease resistance …

Teleost mucosal immunity has become the subject of unprecedented research studies in
recent years because of its diversity and defining characteristics. Its immune repertoire is …

It is now a well-documented fact that there is a distinct relation between fish nutrition and
health status. Intensification of aquaculture practice to meet market demand causes stress …

Aquatic animals harbor a great number of microorganisms with interesting biological and
biochemical diversity. Besides serving as the natural defense system of the host, the …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of immune sensors that play crucial roles in
detecting and responding to the conserved patterns of microorganisms. To date, many …

Senegalese sole was one of the earliest identified candidate species with high potential for
aquaculture diversification in the south of Europe. Its culture has been possible, and …

In this review, we support taking polarized immune responses in teleost fish from a
'macrophage first'point of view, a hypothesis that reverts the dichotomous T helper (TH) 1 …

There is a constant need to find feed additives that improve health and nutrition of farmed
fish and lessen the intestinal inflammation induced by plant-based ingredients. The …

The understanding of fish immune system structure and function is essential for the
development of new technologies and products to improve productivity. This is the first …

There is a huge quantity of microorganisms in the gut of fish, which exert pivotal roles in
maintaining host intestinal and general health. The fish immunity can sense and shape the …