Flavonoids are an important class of secondary metabolites widely found in plants,
contributing to plant growth and development and having prominent applications in food and …

Plants face a more volatile environment than other organisms because of their immobility,
and they have developed highly efficient mechanisms to adapt to stress conditions …

Phenylpropanoids, the largest class of natural products including flavonoids, anthocyanins,
monolignols and tannins perform multiple functions ranging from photosynthesis, nutrient …

Rose (Rosa hybrida) is one of most famous ornamental plants in the world, and its
commodity value largely depends on its flower color. However, the regulatory mechanism …

Pesticide overuse in agricultural systems has resulted in the development of pest resistance,
the impoverishment of soil microbiota, water pollution, and several human health issues …

Anthocyanins are important secondary metabolites in plants, and their contents and
composition determine plant flower and fruit color. Plant anthocyanins are natural edible …

Anthocyanin accumulation in plants plays important roles in plant growth and development,
as well as the response to environmental stresses. Anthocyanins have antioxidant …

Plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) play essential roles in the adaptation to harsh
environments and function in plant defense responses. PSMs act as key components of …

Stem strength is an important agronomic trait affecting plant lodging, and plays an essential
role in the quality and yield of plants. Thickened secondary cell walls in stems provide …

The anthocyanin content increases in Malus spectabilis leaves under low‐nitrogen
conditions. Noncoding RNAs are indicated to play key regulatory roles in anthocyanin …