Analysis, environmental occurrence, fate and potential toxicity of tire wear compounds 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone

X Chen, T He, X Yang, Y Gan, X Qing, J Wang… - Journal of Hazardous …, 2023 - Elsevier
Abstract Tire wear compounds N-(1, 3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
(6PPD) and its derivative 6PPD-quinone have been considered as emerging pollutants and …

Tire-rubber related pollutant 6-PPD quinone: A review of its transformation, environmental distribution, bioavailability, and toxicity

X Hua, D Wang - Journal of hazardous materials, 2023 - Elsevier
The antioxidant 6-PPD has been widely used to prevent cracking and thermal oxidative
degradation and to extend the service life of tire rubber. 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) is formed …

Widespread Occurrence and Transport of p-Phenylenediamines and Their Quinones in Sediments across Urban Rivers, Estuaries, Coasts, and Deep-Sea Regions

L Zeng, Y Li, Y Sun, LY Liu, M Shen… - Environmental Science & …, 2023 - ACS Publications
p-Phenylenediamines (PPDs) are widely used as antioxidants in tire rubber, and their
derived quinone transformation products (PPD-Qs) may pose a threat to marine ecosystems …

First Report on the Occurrence of N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and 6PPD-Quinone as Pervasive Pollutants in Human Urine from …

B Du, B Liang, Y Li, M Shen, LY Liu… - Environmental Science & …, 2022 - ACS Publications
N-(1, 3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its quinone derivative,
6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q), have been found to be prevalent in the environment, but there are …

Acute toxicity of the tire rubber-derived chemical 6PPD-quinone to four fishes of commercial, cultural, and ecological importance

M Brinkmann, D Montgomery, S Selinger… - … & Technology Letters, 2022 - ACS Publications
N-(1, 3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-quinone), a
transformation product of the rubber tire antioxidant 6PPD, has recently been identified as …

[HTML][HTML] Occurrence and risks of 23 tire additives and their transformation products in an urban water system

HY Zhang, Z Huang, YH Liu, LX Hu, LY He… - Environment …, 2023 - Elsevier
Tire wear particles (TWPs) enter road surface with the friction between tires and road
surfaces. Under the volatilization, leaching, and transformation action on TWPs by sunlight …

The Tire-Derived Chemical 6PPD-quinone Is Lethally Toxic to the White-Spotted Char Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius but Not to Two Other Salmonid Species

K Hiki, H Yamamoto - Environmental Science & Technology …, 2022 - ACS Publications
N-(1, 3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone, also known as 6PPD-
quinone (6PPD-Q), was recently identified as the toxic chemical that causes acute mortality …

Screening p-Phenylenediamine Antioxidants, Their Transformation Products, and Industrial Chemical Additives in Crumb Rubber and Elastomeric Consumer …

HN Zhao, X Hu, M Gonzalez, CA Rideout… - Environmental …, 2023 - ACS Publications
Recently, roadway releases of N, N′-substituted p-phenylenediamine (PPD) antioxidants
and their transformation products (TPs) received significant attention due to the highly toxic …

6PPD and its metabolite 6PPDQ induce different developmental toxicities and phenotypes in embryonic zebrafish

SY Zhang, X Gan, B Shen, J Jiang, H Shen… - Journal of hazardous …, 2023 - Elsevier
The automobile tire antioxidant N-(1, 3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
(6PPD) and its quinone metabolite 6PPDQ have recently received much attention for their …

Uptake and Biotransformation of the Tire Rubber-derived Contaminants 6-PPD and 6-PPD Quinone in the Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio)

N Grasse, B Seiwert, R Massei, S Scholz… - Environmental …, 2023 - ACS Publications
N-(1, 3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD) is a widely used
antioxidant in tire rubber known to enter the aquatic environment via road runoff. The …