For many years people have speculated that electroencephalographic activity or other
electrophysiological measures of brain function might provide a new non-muscular channel …

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a hardware and software communications system that
permits cerebral activity alone to control computers or external devices. The immediate goal …

A brain computer interface (BCI) framework uses computer algorithms to detect mental
activity patterns and manipulate external devices. Because of its simplicity and non …

Many laboratories have begun to develop brain-computer interface (BCI) systems that
provide communication and control capabilities to people with severe motor disabilities …

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are becoming increasingly important measurements of
brain activity and they have great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of mental and …

Motor imagery can modify the neuronal activity in the primary sensorimotor areas in a very
similar way as observable with a real executed movement. One part of EEG-based brain …

Background Electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) systems
are mainly divided into three major paradigms: motor imagery (MI), event-related potential …

The metaverse aims to build an immersive virtual reality world to support the daily life, work,
and recreation of people. In this survey, the status quo of the metaverse is investigated, and …

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) combine methods, approaches, and concepts derived from
neurophysiology, computer science, and engineering in an effort to establish real-time …

Three-dimensional (3D) movement of neuroprosthetic devices can be controlled by the
activity of cortical neurons when appropriate algorithms are used to decode intended …