Human diseases, particularly infectious diseases and cancers, pose unprecedented
challenges to public health security and the global economy. The development and …

The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the
last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune …

Over the past decade, compelling evidence has unveiled previously overlooked adaptive
characteristics of innate immune cells. Beyond their traditional role in providing short, non …

Acute viral infections can have durable functional impacts on the immune system long after
recovery, but how they affect homeostatic immune states and responses to future …

Trained immunity is a de facto memory for innate immune responses, leading to long-term
functional reprogramming of innate immune cells. In physiological conditions, trained …

Background: Prior studies have found a reduced risk of dementia of any etiology following
influenza vaccination in selected populations, including veterans and patients with serious …

Ageing is associated with modified function of both innate and adaptive immunity. It is
believed that changes occurring in ageing immune system are responsible for increased …

Highlights•Trained immunity is induced in a variety of innate immune cell types.•Central and
peripheral trained immunity underlies the long-term effects of innate immunity.•Metabolic …

The innate immune system is able to build memory-like features in response to certain
infections or vaccines, resulting in enhanced responsiveness upon (re) challenge with the …

Trained immunity is a long-term increase in responsiveness of innate immune cells, induced
by certain infections and vaccines. During the last 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic …