Lenses with tunable focal length play important roles in nature by hel** species avoid
predators and capture prey. Many practical devices mimic lens concept for imaging, sensing …

In this Review, we survey recent developments in the emerging field of high-speed variable-
z-focus optical elements, which are driving important innovations in advanced imaging and …

Compound eyes are natural multiaperture optical imaging systems and have substantial
potential in the field of modern optics. However, both natural and artificial compound eyes …

The very concept of dye and pigment chemistry that was long known to the industrial world
underwent a radical revision after the discovery and commercialization of dyes such as …

Microlenses or arrays are key elements in many applications. However, their construction
methods involve multiple fabrication processes, thereby increasing the complexity and cost …

Tunable optical lenses are in great demand in modern technologies ranging from
augmented and virtual reality to sensing and detection. In this work, electrically tunable …

We report the implementation of a parallel microscopy system (96 Eyes) that is capable of
simultaneous imaging of all wells on a 96-well plate. The optical system consists of 96 …

We demonstrate a two-dimensional, individually tunable electrowetting microlens array
fabricated using standard microfabrication techniques. Each lens in our array has a large …

A variable-focus lens using a combination of liquid crystals and ultrasound is discussed. The
lens uses a technique based on ultrasound vibration to control the molecular orientation of …

An integral imaging microscopy (IIM) system with improved depth-of-field (DoF) using a
custom-designed bifocal polarization-dependent liquid-crystalline polymer micro lens array …