Although the first ancient DNA molecules were extracted more than three decades ago, the
first ancient nuclear genomes could only be characterized after high-throughput sequencing …

Host-associated microbiomes play an increasingly appreciated role in animal metabolism,
immunity and health. The microbes in turn depend on their host for resources and can be …

Modern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years,. Our knowledge of the
genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to …

Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene,,,–.
Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced …

Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare.
However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse …

By sequencing 727 ancient individuals from the Southern Arc (Anatolia and its neighbors in
Southeastern Europe and West Asia) over 10,000 years, we contextualize its Chalcolithic …

Abstract In European and many African, Middle Eastern and southern Asian populations,
lactase persistence (LP) is the most strongly selected monogenic trait to have evolved over …

The origin and early dispersal of speakers of Transeurasian languages—that is, Japanese,
Korean, Tungusic, Mongolic and Turkic—is among the most disputed issues of Eurasian …

Abstract From ad 567–568, at the onset of the Avar period, populations from the Eurasian
Steppe settled in the Carpathian Basin for approximately 250 years. Extensive sampling for …

Human genetic history in East Asia is poorly understood. To clarify population relationships,
we obtained genome-wide data from 26 ancient individuals from northern and southern East …