BACKGROUND The species richness of wild bees and other pollinators has declined over
the past 50 years, with some species undergoing major declines and a few going extinct …

The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L., Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a species of crucial
economic, agricultural and environmental importance. In the last ten years, some regions of …

Honey bees feed on floral nectar and pollen that they store in their colonies as honey and
bee bread. Social division of labor enables the collection of stores of food that are consumed …

The ecological function of secondary metabolites in plant defence against herbivores is well
established, but their role in plant–pollinator interactions is less obvious. Nectar is the major …

Nectar is the most important reward offered by plants to pollinating animals. This book is a
modern and interdisciplinary text on nectar and nectaries, prompted by the expansion of …

Bees are herbivorous insects, consuming nectar and pollen throughout their life cycles. This
paper is a brief review of the chemistry of these two floral resources and the implications for …

The synthesis of secondary metabolites is a hallmark of plant defence against herbivores.
These compounds may be detrimental to consumers, but can also protect herbivores against …

Wild and managed bees provide pollination services to crops and wild plants, as well as a
variety of other services beneficial to humans. Honey bees are the most economically …

While foraging for nectar and pollen, bees are exposed to a myriad of xenobiotics, including
plant metabolites, which may exert a wide range of effects on their health. Although the bee …

Many of the diverse animals that consume floral rewards act as efficient pollinators;
however, others 'steal'rewards without 'paying'for them by pollinating. In contrast to the …