Cellular membranes function as permeability barriers that separate cells from the external
environment or partition cells into distinct compartments. These membranes are lipid …

Membrane lipids interact with proteins in a variety of ways, ranging from providing a stable
membrane environment for proteins to being embedded in to detailed roles in complicated …

P4-ATPases comprise a family of P-type ATPases that actively transport or flip phospholipids
across cell membranes. This generates and maintains membrane lipid asymmetry, a …

The TMEM16 family of proteins, also known as anoctamins, features a remarkable functional
diversity. This family contains the long sought-after Ca2+-activated chloride channels as well …

It is well known that lipids are heterogeneously distributed throughout the cell. Most lipid
species are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and then distributed to different …

P-type ATPases constitute a large ancient super-family of primary active pumps that have
diverse substrate specificities ranging from H+ to phospholipids. The significance of these …

In eukaryotic membranes, type IV P-type adenosine triphosphatases (P4-ATPases) mediate
the translocation of phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet and maintain lipid …

Abstract Type 4 P-type ATPases (P4-ATPases) are lipid flippases that drive the active
transport of phospholipids from exoplasmic or luminal leaflets to cytosolic leaflets of …

ABCA4 is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that is
preferentially localized along the rim region of rod and cone photoreceptor outer segment …

The flip** of membrane-embedded lipids containing large, polar head groups is slow and
energetically unfavourable, and is therefore catalysed by flippases, the mechanisms of …