For decades, immunologists have studied the role of circulating immune cells in host
protection, with a more recent appreciation of immune cells resident within the tissue …

The discovery of immune checkpoint proteins such as PD-1/PDL-1 and CTLA-4 represents a
significant breakthrough in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, humanized …

Tumor progression is accompanied by fibrosis, a condition of excessive extracellular matrix
accumulation, which is associated with diminished antitumor immune infiltration. Here we …

The interplay between extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness and the tumor microenvironment
is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in cancer progression and the efficacy of …

Tumors are comprised of both cancer cells and surrounding stromal components. As an
essential part of the tumor microenvironment, the tumor stroma is highly dynamic …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the complex meshwork of proteins and glycans that forms
the scaffold that surrounds and supports cells. It exerts key roles in all aspects of metazoan …

Metastasis causes most cancer-related deaths; however, the efficacy of anti-metastatic drugs
is limited by incomplete understanding of the biological mechanisms that drive metastasis …

Cancer microenvironment is critical for tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The
extracellular matrix (ECM) interacts with tumor and stromal cells to promote cancer cells …

In recent years, the biological role of changes in physical factors in carcinogenesis and
progression has attracted increasing attention. Matrix stiffness, also known as ECM stress, is …

The desmoplastic stroma in solid tumors presents a formidable challenge to
immunotherapies that rely on endogenous or adoptively transferred T cells, however, the …