Protein phosphorylation is a crucial regulator of protein and cellular function, yet, despite
identifying an enormous number of phosphorylation sites, the role of most is still unclear …

Chemically modified biomacromolecules─ ie, proteins, nucleic acids, glycans, and lipids─
have become crucial tools in chemical biology. They are extensively used not only to …

Proteins constitute the majority of nature's worker biomolecules. Designed for specific
functions, complex tertiary structures make proteins ideal candidates for analysing natural …

Nature uses a limited, conservative set of amino acids to synthesize proteins. The ability to
genetically encode an expanded set of building blocks with new chemical and physical …

Proteins carry out a wide variety of catalytic, regulatory, signalling and structural functions in
living systems. Following their assembly on ribosomes and throughout their lifetimes, most …

Ribosomes can produce proteins in minutes and are largely constrained to proteinogenic
amino acids. Here, we report highly efficient chemistry matched with an automated fast-flow …

Advances in bioconjugation and native protein modification are appearing at a blistering
pace, making it increasingly time consuming for practitioners to identify the best chemical …

Bioorthogonal cleavage chemistry has been rapidly emerging as a powerful tool for
manipulation and gain-of-function studies of biomolecules in living systems. While the initial …

Over 500 natural and synthetic amino acids have been genetically encoded in the last two
decades. Incorporating these noncanonical amino acids into proteins enables many …

Chemical modification of proteins provides powerful tools to realize a broad range of
exciting biological applications, including the development of new classes of …