COVID‐19 leads to severe respiratory problems, but also to long‐COVID syndrome
associated primarily with cognitive dysfunction and fatigue. Long‐COVID syndrome …

The microbiota, the gut, and the brain communicate through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in
a bidirectional way that involves the autonomic nervous system. The vagus nerve (VN), the …

Background Alopecia areata is a disorder that results in nonscarring hair loss. The
psychological impact can be significant, leading to feelings of depression and social …

Neuroinflammatory response is primarily a protective mechanism in the brain. However,
excessive and chronic inflammatory responses can lead to deleterious effects involving …

Purpose Although scientific articles mention the impact of psychological stress on skin
diseases, few review the latest research on factors involved in this correlation. The skin …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). About 45% of COVID-19 patients experience several symptoms a …

Mast cells are well known for their role in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, as well as their
involvement in acquired and innate immunity. Increasing evidence now implicates mast cells …

Centralized pain syndromes are associated with changes within the central nervous system
that amplify peripheral input and/or generate the perception of pain in the absence of a …

The discovery of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) or CRH defining the upper regulatory
arm of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, along with the identification of the …

Abnormalities of mast cell structure or function may play prominent roles in irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS) symptom genesis. Mast cells show close apposition to sensory nerves and …