The endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria during eukaryogenesis has long been viewed as
an adaptive response to the oxygenation of Earth's surface environment, presuming a …

The Paleozoic emergence of terrestrial plants has been linked to a stepwise increase in
Earth's O 2 levels and a cooling of Earth's climate by drawdown of atmospheric CO 2 …

Current barriers hindering data-driven discoveries in deep-time Earth (DE) include:
substantial volumes of DE data are not digitized; many DE databases do not adhere to FAIR …

The drivers of Ediacaran-Cambrian metazoan radiations remain unclear, as does the fidelity
of the record. We use a global age framework [580–510 million years (Ma) ago] to estimate …

The Great Unconformity, a profound gap in Earth's stratigraphic record often evident below
the base of the Cambrian system, has remained among the most enigmatic field …

Accumulated records of organic microfossils span billions of years of Earth history. The
majority of this record consists of prokaryotes plus eukaryotes of a protistan grade, yet this …

The flooding record of North America has been used to infer patterns of global erosion and
sea level in deep time. Here, we utilize the geospatial dimension of the stratigraphic record …

The evolution of land plants during the Palaeozoic era transformed Earth's biosphere.
Because the Earth's surface and interior are linked by tectonic processes, the linked …

While there is significant data on eukaryogenesis and the early development of the
eukaryotic lineage, major uncertainties regarding their origins and evolution remain …

The release of phosphorus (P) from crustal rocks during weathering plays a key role in
determining the size of Earth's biosphere, yet the concentration of P in crustal rocks over …