Spine surgery carries an inherent risk of damage to critical neural structures. Intraoperative
neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is frequently used to improve the safety of spine …

Background: Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring (IONM) is a technique that is
helpful for assessing the nervous system during spine surgery. Methods: This is a review of …

The premier single-volume reference in the field of anesthesia, Clinical Anesthesia is now in
its Sixth Edition, with thoroughly updated coverage, a new full-color design, and a revamped …

Study Design: Narrative review. Objective: To summarize relevant studies regarding the
utilization of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) techniques in spine …

Objective: To evaluate whether spinal cord intraoperative monitoring (IOM) with
somatosensory and transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials (EPs) predicts adverse …

Abstract Study Design Consensus-based creation of a checklist and guideline. Objective To
develop a consensus-based checklist to guide surgeon responses to intraoperative …

MEG, magnetoencephalography; MEP, motor evoked potential; MIOM, multimodality
intraoperative monitoring; NASS, North American Spine Society; NPV, negative predictive …

Object Although multimodal intraoperative spinal cord monitoring provides greater accuracy,
transcranial electrical stimulation motor evoked potential (TcMEP) monitoring became the …

Spinal tumor (ST) surgery carries the risk of new neurological deficits in the postoperative
period. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring and map** (IONM) represents an …

Study Design. Literature review. Objective. The objective of this article is to examine current
intraoperative electromyography (EMG) neurophysiologic monitoring methods and their …