This paper presents a pedagogical review of the physics of mesoscopic transport events and
their role in the breakdown of Fick's Law for turbulent transport in magnetically confined …

An overview of the physics of intrinsic torque is presented, with special emphasis on the
phenomenology of intrinsic toroidal rotation in tokamaks, its theoretical understanding, and …

The variety of scalar and vector fields in laboratory and nature plasmas is formed by plasma
turbulence. Drift-wave fluctuations, driven by density gradients in magnetized plasmas, are …

The formation of the equilibrium radial electric field (Er) has been studied experimentally at
ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) in L-modes of “favorable”(ion∇ B-drift toward primary X-point) and …

Intrinsic rotation has been observed in I-mode plasmas from the C-Mod tokamak, and is
found to be similar to that in H mode, both in its edge origin and in the scaling with global …

Experimental observations of driven and intrinsic rotation in tokamak plasmas are reviewed.
For momentum sources, there is direct drive from neutral beam injection, lower hybrid and …

Toroidal rotation is critical for fusion in tokamaks, since it stabilizes instabilities that can
otherwise cause disruptions or degrade confinement. Unlike present-day devices, ITER …

We present analyses of mechanisms which convert radial inhomogeneity to broken k||-
symmetry and thus produce turbulence driven intrinsic rotation in tokamak plasmas. By …

Structural formation in turbulent plasmas is one of fundamental problems in plasma physics
[1, 2]. A wellknown example is the formation of zonal flows [3]. Primarily, turbulence is driven …

A mechanism for turbulent acceleration of parallel rotation is discovered using gyrokinetic
theory. This new turbulent acceleration term cannot be written as a divergence of parallel …