We study the semi-annual variation in geomagnetic activity, as detected in the geomagnetic
indices am, aa H, AL, Dst and the four aσ indices derived for 6-hour MLT sectors (around …

In this work, we question the existing opinion that the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Sun‐
Earth (Bx) component is of minor importance for the geomagnetic activity and show that both …

The Earth's magnetopause is highly variable in location and shape and is modulated by
solar wind conditions. On 8 March 2012, the ARTEMIS probes were located near the tail …

This is the third in a series of papers that investigate the semi-annual, annual and Universal
Time variations in the magnetosphere. In this paper, we use the empirical model of …

We present a new composite of geomagnetic activity which is designed to be as
homogeneous in its construction as possible. This is done by only combining data that, by …

The angle μ between the geomagnetic dipole axis and the geocentric solar magnetospheric
(GSM) zaxis, sometimes called the “dipole tilt,” varies as a function of UT and season …

For community use, a new composite whole-Earth index E (1) and its matching composite
solar wind driving function S (1) are derived. A system science methodology is used based …

Geomagnetic activity is usually gauged by a single time‐dependent geomagnetic index.
One drawback is that an individual geomagnetic index measures only one aspect of the …

Substorm initiation still remains an unsolved problem, even though there is a consensus
among most researchers that its main stages include dayside reconnection and substorm …

We have produced the first series of spherical harmonic, numerical maps of the time‐
dependent surface perturbations in the Earth's magnetic field following the onset of …