Constraining the core's composition is essential for understanding Earth accretion, core
formation and the sustainment of Earth's magnetic field. Earth's outer and inner core exhibit …

In this chapter, we present and discuss in detail current and novel advances in our
understanding of the processes that drove primordial differentiation of the Moon. This …

An international team of researchers gathered, with the support of the International Space
Science Institute (ISSI),(1) to review seismological investigations of the lunar interior from the …

Geodetic analysis of radio tracking measurements of the MErcury Surface, Space
ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft while in orbit about Mercury has …

BACKGROUND It is unknown whether the Moon has a fully differentiated and melted
structure with a metallic core or retains a partially primordial, unmelted interior. The …

The equations of state for solid (with bcc, fcc, and hcp structures) and liquid phases of Fe
were defined via simultaneous optimization of the heat capacity, bulk moduli, thermal …

The low-velocity zone (LVZ) is a persistent seismic feature in a broad range of geological
contexts. It coincides in depth with the asthenosphere, a mantle region of lowered viscosity …

Magnetic studies of lunar rocks indicate that the Moon generated a core dynamo with
surface field intensities of~ 20 to 110 μT between at least 4.25 and 3.56 billion years ago …

The Moon forming giant impact marks the end of the main stage of Earth's accretion and sets
the stage for the subsequent evolution of our planet. The giant impact theory has been the …

Synchrotrons and free electron lasers are unique facilities to probe the atomic structure and
electronic properties of matter at extreme thermodynamical conditions. In this context,'matter …