The current shape memory alloys (SMA) constitutive models have the problems of
complicated calculation, inaccurate results, measuring difficult parameters, and inconvenient …

A new model is developed for bending of functionally graded (FG) porous shape memory
alloy (SMA)/poroelastic composite cantilever beams. The model generalizes the ZM model …

One of the aircraft components with high potential for improvement in functionality is the
wing. For novel wings with morphing capabilities, their skin must be able to support internal …

Abstract Based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam element theory, a nonlinear finite element
method is proposed to solve the mechanical response of functionally graded shape memory …

The mechanical properties of functional-graded shape memory alloy (FG-SMA) is of highly
significance for its applications and structural design. This paper establishes a constitutive …

This work develops a novel torsional theory for a radially functionally graded (FG) porous
shape memory alloy (SMA) circular bar. Prior to the theoretical development, the effective …