▪ Abstract Deer have expanded their range and increased dramatically in abundance
worldwide in recent decades. They inflict major economic losses in forestry, agriculture, and …

The Japanese sika deer Cervus nippon has expanded its range by nearly 70% during the
last two decades. Browsing by sika deer affects vegetation in both agricultural and forested …

FOREST STAND DYNAMICS Page 1 FOREST STAND DYNAMICS UPDATE EDITION Chadwick
D. Oliver Professor of Silviculture College of Forest Resources University of Washington Bruce …

Large mammalian herbivores not only depend on plant communities for their existence but
cause major changes in plant community composition and structure. These changes have …

This book develops an outline of a broad land-based strategy for biodiversity conservation in
the USA. It synthesizes information and offers general guidelines for biodiversity …

Ungulates can profoundly alter the structure and composition of forest communities via both
direct and indirect mechanisms. Individual plant species often respond in a unique way to …

Considerable controversy has arisen over the management of white‐tailed deer in eastern
landscapes where there is evidence of damage to forest vegetation, crops, and wildlife …

The mechanistic basis underpinning forest succession is the gap-phase paradigm in which
overstory disturbance interacts with seedling and sapling shade tolerance to determine …

Browsing by white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) can profoundly affect the abundance
and population structure of several woody and herbaceous plant species. Enclosure studies …

Large effects of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) upon individual plants, plant
populations and communities have been documented in a number of studies. However, well …