Mineral–microbe interactions play important roles in environmental change, biogeochemical
cycling of elements and formation of ore deposits. Minerals provide both beneficial (physical …

The long history of life on Earth has unfolded as a cause-and-effect relationship with the
evolving amount of oxygen (O2) in the oceans and atmosphere. Oxygen deficiency …

Mountain belts modulate denudation flux and hydrologic processes and are thus
fundamental to nutrient cycling on Earth's surface. We used europium anomalies in detrital …

Sulfate/sulfite-reducing microorganisms (SRM) are ubiquitous in nature, driving the global
sulfur cycle. A hallmark of SRM is the dissimilatory sulfite reductase encoded by the genes …

Life on Earth has existed for over 3.5 billion years and has caused fundamental changes in
Earth's biogeochemistry. However, the timing and impact of major events in the evolution of …

Anoxic and iron-rich (ferruginous) conditions prevailed in the ocean under the low-oxygen
atmosphere that occurred through most of the Archean Eon. While euxinic conditions (ie …

The large-scale dynamics of ocean oxygenation have changed dramatically throughout
Earth's history, in step with major changes in the abundance of O2 in the atmosphere and …

Most known porphyry Cu deposits formed in the Phanerozoic and are exclusively associated
with moderately oxidized, sulfur-rich, hydrous arc-related magmas derived from partial …

Sulfate often behaves conservatively in the oxygenated environments but serves as an
electron acceptor for microbial respiration in a wide range of natural and engineered …

The strongly 13 C-depleted calcite in the Doushantuo cap dolostones (∼ 635 Ma) of South
China is considered to form via thermochemical or biological oxidation of methane by sulfate …