Plants make different defense mechanisms in response to different environmental stresses.
One common way is to produce secondary metabolites. Temperature is the main …

Over 8000 different flavonoids have been described and a considerable number of new
flavonoid structures are being elucidated every year. The advent of metabolomics alongside …

Sugars play a key role in fruit quality, as they directly influence taste, and thus consumer
acceptance. Carbohydrates are the main resources needed by the plant for carbon and …

Over decades, the concept of grape quality has evolved emphasizing its multidisciplinary
nature and that the same “desired quality” might correspond to even strikingly different …

This paper aims at analysing the synthesis of flavonoids, their import and export in plant cell
compartments, as well as their involvement in the response to stress, with particular …

Temperature and light are important environmental factors that affect flavonoid biosynthesis
in grape berry skin. However, the interrelationships between temperature and light effects on …

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily is the largest enzymatic protein family in plants,
and it also widely exists in mammals, fungi, bacteria, insects and so on. Members of this …

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is a non-climacteric fruit species used as table fruit, dried raisins,
and for vinification (wines) and distillation (liquors). In recent years, our knowledge of the …

Flavonols are products of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, which also give rise to
anthocyanins and condensed tannins in grapes. We investigated their presence in the berry …

Water deficits consistently promote higher concentrations of anthocyanins in red winegrapes
and their wines. However, controversy remains as to whether there is any direct effect on …