The rapid development of 3D printing has led to considerable progress in the field of
biomedical engineering. Notably, 4D printing provides a potential strategy to achieve a time …

How the shape of embryos and organs emerges during development is a fundamental
question that has fascinated scientists for centuries. Tissue dynamics arise from a small set …

Physical forces are ubiquitous in biological processes across scales and diverse contexts.
This review highlights the significance of mechanical forces in nervous system development …

Final organ size and shape result from volume expansion by growth and shape changes by
contractility. Complex morphologies can also arise from differences in growth rate between …

Our understanding of the genetics of the human cerebral cortex is limited both in terms of the
diversity and the anatomical granularity of brain structural phenotypes. Here we conducted a …

Human cortex appears to thin during childhood development. However, the underlying
microstructural mechanisms are unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging …

Among the physicochemical cues in the cellular microenvironment that orchestrate cell
processes, the different levels of curvature in the extracellular matrix and intrinsic to the …

Folding of the cerebral cortex is a fundamental milestone of mammalian brain evolution and
is associated with dramatic increases in size and complexity. New animal models, genetic …

The past 40 years have witnessed extensive research on fractal structure and scale-free
dynamics in the brain. Although considerable progress has been made, a comprehensive …

The folding of the human brain mostly takes place in utero, making it challenging to study.
After a few pioneer studies looking into it in post-mortem foetal specimen, modern …