Insulin resistance (IR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of
metabolism-related diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, tumors, and nonalcoholic fatty …

An unhealthy diet is a recognized risk factor in the pathophysiology of numerous chronic
noncommunicable diseases (NCD), including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and …

This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that
have received the most attention from investigators:(1) acute and chronic effects of exercise …

There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the positive effects of exercise on mood
states such as anxiety, stress and depression, through physiological and biochemical …

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Recent decades have seen an unprecedented rise in
obesity, and the health impact thereof is increasingly evident. In 2014, worldwide, more than …

Siloed or singular system approach to disease management is common practice,
develo** out of traditional medical school education. Textbooks of medicine describe a …

Sarcopenia, an age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass coupled with functional
deterioration, may be exacerbated by obesity leading to higher disability, frailty, morbidity …

The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed over the last 20 years. All
immunotherapeutic drugs target relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and it still remains a …

Adipose tissue in addition to its ability to keep lipids is now recognized as a real organ with
both metabolic and endocrine functions. Recent studies demonstrated that in obese animals …

The innate immune system includes several classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),
including membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding …