The optimization of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is crucial for enhancing the
performance of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis. Nevertheless, achieving …

The objective of this study is to explore the flow features and heat transfer properties of an
MHD hybrid nanofluid between two parallel plates under the effects of joule heating and …

Microfluidic technology has gained significant scientific interest in the characterization of
crude oil emulsions that are often formed in the process of oil production. Microfluidic …

Abstract Mixed-refrigerant Joule–Thomson refrigeration is a widely used and effective
method for refrigeration in the temperature range of 80–230 K. The demand for cooling heat …

The genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and BOX algorithm
have been used in natural gas liquefaction process optimization. Three algorithms all can …

This paper presents a framework to solve the constrained black-box simulation optimization
problem that arises from the optimal energy-efficient design of single-mixed refrigerant …

Methane (CH4) is the primary component of natural gas and must be purified to a certain
level before it can be used as pipeline gas or liquified natural gas (LNG). In particular …

Natural gas reservoirs usually contain considerable amounts of nitrogen (N2). Methane
(CH4) as the main component in natural gas must be purified before transferring to the …

Abstract Mixed-refrigerant Joule-Thomson refrigeration (MJTR) is the dominant technology
for cooling distributed-temperature heat loads, such as natural gas liquefaction. The mixed …

Energy-intensive single mixed refrigerant (SMR) cycles are employed to produce liquefied
natural gas (LNG) at small scale. The energy required for refrigerant compression (shaft …