Every cell must satisfy basic requirements for nutrient sensing, utilization and recycling
through macromolecular breakdown to coordinate programmes for growth, repair and stress …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous,
resisting distillation to a single, cohesive disorder. Instead, each affected individual develops …

Autophagy is a lysosome-based degradative process used to recycle obsolete cellular
constituents and eliminate damaged organelles and aggregate-prone proteins. Their …

Lysosomes require an acidic lumen between pH 4.5 and 5.0 for effective digestion of
macromolecules. This pH optimum is maintained by proton influx produced by the V-ATPase …

Maintaining a highly acidic lysosomal pH is central to cellular physiology. Here, we use
functional proteomics, single-particle cryo-EM, electrophysiology, and in vivo imaging to …

Dysfunction of lysosomes, the primary hydrolytic organelles in animal cells, is frequently
associated with aging and age‐related diseases. At the cellular level, lysosomal dysfunction …

OSCA/TMEM63s form mechanically activated (MA) ion channels in plants and animals,
respectively. OSCAs and related TMEM16s and transmembrane channel-like (TMC) …

The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

The endomembrane system consists of organellar membranes in the biosynthetic pathway
[endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles] as well as those in the …

A transmembrane (TMEM) protein with an unknown function is a type of membrane-
spanning protein expressed in the plasma membrane or the membranes of intracellular …