Cell death supports morphogenesis during development and homeostasis after birth by
removing damaged or obsolete cells. It also curtails the spread of pathogens by eliminating …

Many types of human cells self-destruct to maintain biological homeostasis and defend the
body against pathogenic substances. This process, called regulated cell death (RCD), is …

Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-activated inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis) causes mitochondrial
damage, but its underlying mechanism and functional consequences are largely unknown …

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a central cytokine in inflammatory reactions, and biologics
that neutralize TNF are among the most successful drugs for the treatment of chronic …

Apoptosis, the first regulated form of cell death discovered in mammalian cells, is executed
by caspase-3/7, which are dormant in living cells but become activated by upstream …

Fifty years since the initial discovery of HMGB1 in 1973 as a structural protein of chromatin,
HMGB1 is now known to regulate diverse biological processes depending on its subcellular …

The regulated disruption of the plasma membrane, which can promote cell death, cytokine
secretion or both is central to organismal health. The protein gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a key …

Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury most commonly occurs in coronary artery
disease when prompt reperfusion is used to salvage the ischemic myocardium …

In recent years, immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led
to unprecedented breakthroughs in cancer treatment. However, the fact that many tumors …

Pyroptosis is a lytic and inflammatory type of programmed cell death that is usually triggered
by inflammasomes and executed by gasdermin proteins. The main characteristics of …