In this review, we separate the different governing factors on austenite stability into intrinsic
and extrinsic factors, depending on the domain defined by austenite grain boundaries. The …

The stability of retained austenite refers to its resistance to transform into martensite. While
most models describe the thermal and mechanical influence on retained austenite stability …

Abstract Knowledge of carbon content in retained austenite (RA) with different neighbouring
phases is essential to understand the chemical stability of RA, which is useful for …

Transmission electron microscopy and in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray diffraction were
used to investigate the martensitic transformation and lattice strains under uniaxial tensile …

A multi-pass caliber rolling has attracted attentions as an alternative to severe plastic
deformation processes. The present study enhanced strength and ductility of AZ31 Mg alloy …

The activation of different deformation mechanisms in high-alloy austenitic steels depends
strongly on the concentration of the alloying elements, as they change the driving force for …

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) Ti-6Al-4V alloy has attracted attention from the various industries
due to its good mechanical properties. Although severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes …

Abstract Chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) and carbon (C) are well known alloying elements
used in technologically important alloy steels and advanced high strength steels. It is known …

Hexagonal close-packed (hcp) iron carbides play an important role in steel processing and
in steel products. The recent discovery of novel ultrafine (2–5 nm) iron carbide (ε'-Fe 2+ x C) …

In high-carbon steels, the austenite-to-martensite transformation under applied stress
initiates at a critical value, contrary to low-carbon steels where the transformation occurs at …