We present the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of bryozoans to date. Our
concatenated alignment of two nuclear ribosomal and five mitochondrial genes includes 95 …

The present study considers 88 bryozoan species occurring in freshwater: 69
phylactolaemate and 19 gymnolaemate species. Roughly 49% of these species are …

Bryozoa is one of the most puzzling phyla in the animal kingdom and little is known about
their evolutionary history. Its phylogenetic position among the Metazoa remains unsettled, as …

The Phylum Bryozoa has a long and extensive fossil record (Fig. 2.1) counting ca 15,000
fossil species (Horowitz & Pachut 2000, Gordon et al. 2009). Their remnants are found in the …

We have studied larvae of the freshwater ctenostome Hislopia malayensis with scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and LM of serial …

Seventy-three species of stenolaemate bryozoans are documented worldwide from the
Triassic. Stage-level diversity and paleogeographical analyses reveal that the recovery of …

Bryozoans are aquatic invertebrates that inhabit all types of aquatic ecosystems. They are
small animals that form large colonies by asexual budding. Colonies can reach the size of …

The taxonomic history of South African bryozoans is fragmented and outdated, with the
majority of published works in the 20th Century. Sampling gaps exist in deep-sea regions …

Bryozoans are aquatic animals that form colonies of connected individuals. Bryozoans have
such highly variable morphology that they are often mistaken for other organisms such as …

Fossil freshwater bryozoans-occurrence, records, sampling conditions. Fossil
Phylactolaemata (exclusively statoblasts) have been recorded in Cretaceous and a few …