Dopamine is a critical modulator of both learning and motivation. This presents a problem:
how can target cells know whether increased dopamine is a signal to learn or to move? It is …

The most influential account of phasic dopamine holds that it reports reward prediction
errors (RPEs). The RPE-based interpretation of dopamine signaling is, in its original form …

Spontaneous animal behaviour is built from action modules that are concatenated by the
brain into sequences,. However, the neural mechanisms that guide the composition of …

INTRODUCTION Neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin, exert
powerful control over neural circuit dynamics that give rise to diverse neural function and …

Dopamine (DA) plays multiple roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological
processes via a large network of dopaminergic projections. To dissect the spatiotemporal …

Dopamine (DA) is a central monoamine neurotransmitter involved in many physiological
and pathological processes. A longstanding yet largely unmet goal is to measure DA …

The execution and learning of diverse movements involve neuronal networks distributed
throughout the nervous system. The brainstem and basal ganglia are key for processing …

The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing
those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential …

The genetically encoded fluorescent sensors convert chemical and physical signals into
light. They are powerful tools for the visualisation of physiological processes in living cells …

There is increased appreciation that dopamine neurons in the midbrain respond not only to
reward and reward-predicting cues,, but also to other variables such as the distance to …